El hormigón armado es una colaboración del acero y el hormigón , adecuado especialmente para resistir esfuerzos de flexión. El hormigón es muy adecuado para resistir compresiones y el acero en barras para resistir tracciones. Por ello las barras de acero se introducen en la pieza de hormigón, en el borde que debe resistir las tracciones, y gracias a la adherencia entre los dos materiales, las primeras resisten las tracciones y el segundo las compresiones.
Durante muchos años las barras de acero eran lisas, pero gracias a una serie de ensayos, se comprobó que la adherencia entre el acero y el hormigón, uno de los mecanismos básicos para que el hormigón armado funcione, mejoraba significativamente haciendo las barras corrugadas, es decir, con resaltos transversales, y así son las barras actuales.
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El hormigón armado apareció a finales del
s. XIX y se desarrolló a principios del
XX , después de varias tentativas. El primer puente de hormigón armado, la pasarela de
Chazelet , se construyó en 1875, con una luz de 16,5 m y 4 m de ancho por
Joseph Monier , jardinero de París. El hormigón armado se extendió rápidamente por toda Europa; a ello contribuyó el arco de exhibición construido en la exposición universal de
Düsseldorf de 1880 , que sirvió para dar a conocer este nuevo material
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